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MIC 102 Tests Bundle Set
MIC 102 Tests Bundle Set
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[Mostrar más]What is a function of a prokaryotic cell membrane? 
a. Lipid synthesis 
b. Protein secretion 
c. Respiratory electron transport 
d. Osmotic barrier 
e. All of these are true CORRECT ANSWER E. All of these are true 
 
Which of the following cell components would not be found on a gram-positive, circu...
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Añadir al carritoWhat is a function of a prokaryotic cell membrane? 
a. Lipid synthesis 
b. Protein secretion 
c. Respiratory electron transport 
d. Osmotic barrier 
e. All of these are true CORRECT ANSWER E. All of these are true 
 
Which of the following cell components would not be found on a gram-positive, circu...
What is not a function of a prokaryotic cell membrane? 
 
(A) Protein synthesis 
(B) Protein secretion 
(C) Respiratory electron transport 
(D) Osmotic barrier 
(E) Lipid synthesis CORRECT ANSWER (A) Protein synthesis 
 
Which of the following cell components would not be found on a gram-positive, c...
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Añadir al carritoWhat is not a function of a prokaryotic cell membrane? 
 
(A) Protein synthesis 
(B) Protein secretion 
(C) Respiratory electron transport 
(D) Osmotic barrier 
(E) Lipid synthesis CORRECT ANSWER (A) Protein synthesis 
 
Which of the following cell components would not be found on a gram-positive, c...
What is a microbe? CORRECT ANSWER "free-living organisms so small that they are only visible under the microscope" 
 
Are their exceptions to the definition to microbes? CORRECT ANSWER Yes, some microbes are hug, not free-living, or organisms 
 
What is LUCA? And how does it relate to microbes? CO...
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Añadir al carritoWhat is a microbe? CORRECT ANSWER "free-living organisms so small that they are only visible under the microscope" 
 
Are their exceptions to the definition to microbes? CORRECT ANSWER Yes, some microbes are hug, not free-living, or organisms 
 
What is LUCA? And how does it relate to microbes? CO...
The length of abacterium such as Escherichia coliis approximately CORRECT ANSWER 1 μm = 0.001 mm 
 
Lactobacillusspp. are classified in phylum CORRECT ANSWER Firmicutes 
 
According to the endosymbiotic theory CORRECT ANSWER chloroplasts evolved from members of phylum Cyanobacteria 
 
______ identi...
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Añadir al carritoThe length of abacterium such as Escherichia coliis approximately CORRECT ANSWER 1 μm = 0.001 mm 
 
Lactobacillusspp. are classified in phylum CORRECT ANSWER Firmicutes 
 
According to the endosymbiotic theory CORRECT ANSWER chloroplasts evolved from members of phylum Cyanobacteria 
 
______ identi...
Bright Field Microscope CORRECT ANSWER Most widely used 
Dark object, bright background 
Examine stained and unstained specimens 
Made by putting light through specimen 
 
Dark field microscope CORRECT ANSWER Image is lighter than illuminated background 
Uses a condenser on the light microscope 
 
P...
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Añadir al carritoBright Field Microscope CORRECT ANSWER Most widely used 
Dark object, bright background 
Examine stained and unstained specimens 
Made by putting light through specimen 
 
Dark field microscope CORRECT ANSWER Image is lighter than illuminated background 
Uses a condenser on the light microscope 
 
P...
What are the different types of microscopy and staining and when are they used? CORRECT ANSWER Types of microscopy include: light microscopy- used primarily to get an idea of the form of the bacteria, used in combination with staining to get an idea of Gram positive and Gram negative protein. Green ...
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Añadir al carritoWhat are the different types of microscopy and staining and when are they used? CORRECT ANSWER Types of microscopy include: light microscopy- used primarily to get an idea of the form of the bacteria, used in combination with staining to get an idea of Gram positive and Gram negative protein. Green ...
The prokaryotic members of the microbial world include CORRECT ANSWER Bacteria and Archaea 
 
The Archaea CORRECT ANSWER Are microscopic 
Are commonly found in extreme environments 
 
Prokaryotes typically do not have 
 
 A. Cell walls 
 B. Flagella 
 C. A nuclear membrane 
 D. Specific shapes 
...
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Añadir al carritoThe prokaryotic members of the microbial world include CORRECT ANSWER Bacteria and Archaea 
 
The Archaea CORRECT ANSWER Are microscopic 
Are commonly found in extreme environments 
 
Prokaryotes typically do not have 
 
 A. Cell walls 
 B. Flagella 
 C. A nuclear membrane 
 D. Specific shapes 
...
Light microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Limited ability to visualize bacterial components or distinguish between bacteria without doing something extra 
 
Electron microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Can view exterior and internal structures, smallest specimens 
 
Phase-contrast microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Refracts the...
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Añadir al carritoLight microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Limited ability to visualize bacterial components or distinguish between bacteria without doing something extra 
 
Electron microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Can view exterior and internal structures, smallest specimens 
 
Phase-contrast microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Refracts the...
Light Microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Used alongside differential staining 
 
i. Gram Staining: identifies gram (+) or gram (-) 
ii. Fluorescent stains: used to study molecule interaction/aggregation in certain tissue, cell, etc. 
1. GFP used to study protein localization 
 
Cryo-electron microscopy CORRE...
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Añadir al carritoLight Microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Used alongside differential staining 
 
i. Gram Staining: identifies gram (+) or gram (-) 
ii. Fluorescent stains: used to study molecule interaction/aggregation in certain tissue, cell, etc. 
1. GFP used to study protein localization 
 
Cryo-electron microscopy CORRE...
Light microscopy CORRECT ANSWER - Uses visible light to examine microscopic-sized objects that cannot be seen by the naked eye. 
- Allows finer detail than the naked eye. 
 
Electron microscopy CORRECT ANSWER - Visualize objects much smaller than those resolved optically. 
- Use accelerated electron...
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Añadir al carritoLight microscopy CORRECT ANSWER - Uses visible light to examine microscopic-sized objects that cannot be seen by the naked eye. 
- Allows finer detail than the naked eye. 
 
Electron microscopy CORRECT ANSWER - Visualize objects much smaller than those resolved optically. 
- Use accelerated electron...
Eukaryote characteristics (3) CORRECT ANSWER -nuclear membrane 
-gametes->zygotes 
-diploid=genetic exchange of crossing over 
 
Prokaryote characteristics (3) CORRECT ANSWER -no nuclear membrane 
-asexual 
-haploid (no meiosis or mitosis) 
 
Molecular clock CORRECT ANSWER -individual variation ...
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Añadir al carritoEukaryote characteristics (3) CORRECT ANSWER -nuclear membrane 
-gametes->zygotes 
-diploid=genetic exchange of crossing over 
 
Prokaryote characteristics (3) CORRECT ANSWER -no nuclear membrane 
-asexual 
-haploid (no meiosis or mitosis) 
 
Molecular clock CORRECT ANSWER -individual variation ...
Microbe CORRECT ANSWER -Free living organisms so small that they are only visible under the microscope. 
-Viruses are not really microbes- they lack one key quality of living cells; the capacity to main their bodily integrity throughout their life cycle. 
-Exceptions: Epulopiscium fishelsoni is hu...
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Añadir al carritoMicrobe CORRECT ANSWER -Free living organisms so small that they are only visible under the microscope. 
-Viruses are not really microbes- they lack one key quality of living cells; the capacity to main their bodily integrity throughout their life cycle. 
-Exceptions: Epulopiscium fishelsoni is hu...
The plasma membrane is: 
 
A) A highly selective permeability barrier of the cell 
B) A primary support structure of the cell 
C) A source of nutrient production 
D) A structure that identifies a cell as eukaryotic or prokaryotic CORRECT ANSWER A) A highly selective permeability barrier of the ce...
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Añadir al carritoThe plasma membrane is: 
 
A) A highly selective permeability barrier of the cell 
B) A primary support structure of the cell 
C) A source of nutrient production 
D) A structure that identifies a cell as eukaryotic or prokaryotic CORRECT ANSWER A) A highly selective permeability barrier of the ce...
Fungi: 3 major morphological groups CORRECT ANSWER 1. Multicellular filamentous molds 
-old food/classic fungus 
 
2. Multicellular fruiting body formers 
-Fruiting bodies = Mushrooms (fungus is in the soil) 
 
3. Yeasts 
-single celled 
 
Unique properties of Fungus: Cell wall CORRECT ANSWER Themat...
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Añadir al carritoFungi: 3 major morphological groups CORRECT ANSWER 1. Multicellular filamentous molds 
-old food/classic fungus 
 
2. Multicellular fruiting body formers 
-Fruiting bodies = Mushrooms (fungus is in the soil) 
 
3. Yeasts 
-single celled 
 
Unique properties of Fungus: Cell wall CORRECT ANSWER Themat...
Select the appropriate type of microscopy to perform for a given specimen and experimental question. CORRECT ANSWER viruses-->nanometers 
e. coli-->micrometers 
yeast-->micrometers 
period (on a page)-->millimeters 
 
types of microscopy 
-light: x1000-x2000 mag 
can't see in much detai...
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Añadir al carritoSelect the appropriate type of microscopy to perform for a given specimen and experimental question. CORRECT ANSWER viruses-->nanometers 
e. coli-->micrometers 
yeast-->micrometers 
period (on a page)-->millimeters 
 
types of microscopy 
-light: x1000-x2000 mag 
can't see in much detai...
Bacteriophage E79 is a virus that attaches to the lipopolysaccharide of a specific bacterium as the first step of infection. Which organism would be susceptible to this virus: 
 
a. An acid-fast Mycobacterium leprae 
b. A gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
c. An archaeon with a lipid monolayer in...
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Añadir al carritoBacteriophage E79 is a virus that attaches to the lipopolysaccharide of a specific bacterium as the first step of infection. Which organism would be susceptible to this virus: 
 
a. An acid-fast Mycobacterium leprae 
b. A gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
c. An archaeon with a lipid monolayer in...
Gram Negative Bacteria CORRECT ANSWER - inner membrane 
- lipoproteins on both sides of cell wall 
- thin cell wall= peptidoglycan 
- outer membrane 
- lipopolysaccharides (LPS)= located in the outer membrane 
- S-layer 
- Capsule 
 
Gram Positive Bacteria CORRECT ANSWER - inner membrane 
- thick ...
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Añadir al carritoGram Negative Bacteria CORRECT ANSWER - inner membrane 
- lipoproteins on both sides of cell wall 
- thin cell wall= peptidoglycan 
- outer membrane 
- lipopolysaccharides (LPS)= located in the outer membrane 
- S-layer 
- Capsule 
 
Gram Positive Bacteria CORRECT ANSWER - inner membrane 
- thick ...
Structure of DNA CORRECT ANSWER 5'-->3' 
 
Anti-parallel 
 
1 ring=pyrimidine 
 
2 ring=purine 
 
A(2) + T(1) 2 H-bonds 
 
G(2)+C(1) 3 H-bonds 
 
*G and C have 3* 
 
DNA Replication CORRECT ANSWER Semi-conservative 
 
DNA Pol replicates 1000nt/second 
 
*errors only 1/10billion bp 
 
Why does t...
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Añadir al carritoStructure of DNA CORRECT ANSWER 5'-->3' 
 
Anti-parallel 
 
1 ring=pyrimidine 
 
2 ring=purine 
 
A(2) + T(1) 2 H-bonds 
 
G(2)+C(1) 3 H-bonds 
 
*G and C have 3* 
 
DNA Replication CORRECT ANSWER Semi-conservative 
 
DNA Pol replicates 1000nt/second 
 
*errors only 1/10billion bp 
 
Why does t...
antibiotic- old and new definition CORRECT ANSWER - originally referred to any compound produced by one species of microbe that could kill or inhibit the growth of other microbes. 
-today the term is also used for synthetic 
chemotherapeutic agents that are clinically useful but 
chemically synthes...
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Añadir al carritoantibiotic- old and new definition CORRECT ANSWER - originally referred to any compound produced by one species of microbe that could kill or inhibit the growth of other microbes. 
-today the term is also used for synthetic 
chemotherapeutic agents that are clinically useful but 
chemically synthes...
Explain how auxotrophic mutants can be isolated and how they inform us about metabolic pathways CORRECT ANSWER - screen for mutations in prototrophs (an organism capable of synthesizing all its metabolites from inorganic material) that cause them to become auxotrophic for a certain metabolite 
- ma...
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Añadir al carritoExplain how auxotrophic mutants can be isolated and how they inform us about metabolic pathways CORRECT ANSWER - screen for mutations in prototrophs (an organism capable of synthesizing all its metabolites from inorganic material) that cause them to become auxotrophic for a certain metabolite 
- ma...
How would you describe a bacterium that has many flagella originating at a single pole of the cell? 
A. axial filament 
B. lophotrichous 
c. monotrichous 
d. pertrichous 
e. perpendicular filament CORRECT ANSWER B. lophotrichous 
 
Some "microbial" species like Epulopiscium fishelsoni can grow lar...
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Añadir al carritoHow would you describe a bacterium that has many flagella originating at a single pole of the cell? 
A. axial filament 
B. lophotrichous 
c. monotrichous 
d. pertrichous 
e. perpendicular filament CORRECT ANSWER B. lophotrichous 
 
Some "microbial" species like Epulopiscium fishelsoni can grow lar...
Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) CORRECT ANSWER Was a microbe of unknown type that lived about 4 billion years ago; the origin of all organisms. 
 
What is 16s small unit rRNA used for? CORRECT ANSWER It's used to study construct phylogenetic trees of organisms because it's highly conserved a...
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Añadir al carritoLast Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) CORRECT ANSWER Was a microbe of unknown type that lived about 4 billion years ago; the origin of all organisms. 
 
What is 16s small unit rRNA used for? CORRECT ANSWER It's used to study construct phylogenetic trees of organisms because it's highly conserved a...
Entry in from gram negative OM CORRECT ANSWER 1. Diffusion - not selective via porins 
2. Facilitated diffusion - more specific porins 
3. Energy coupled transport- use ATP to actively transport porin across. 
 
Entry into the cell CORRECT ANSWER 1. Simple diffusion - not very hepful 
2. Facilitate...
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Añadir al carritoEntry in from gram negative OM CORRECT ANSWER 1. Diffusion - not selective via porins 
2. Facilitated diffusion - more specific porins 
3. Energy coupled transport- use ATP to actively transport porin across. 
 
Entry into the cell CORRECT ANSWER 1. Simple diffusion - not very hepful 
2. Facilitate...
Gene expressino regulated CORRECT ANSWER - transcriptional level 
 - regulated by controlling mRNA synthesis 
- translational level 
 - governed by controlling protein synthesis 
 
Activity level of proteins may be altered by CORRECT ANSWER post translational modification 
 
The term used to descri...
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Añadir al carritoGene expressino regulated CORRECT ANSWER - transcriptional level 
 - regulated by controlling mRNA synthesis 
- translational level 
 - governed by controlling protein synthesis 
 
Activity level of proteins may be altered by CORRECT ANSWER post translational modification 
 
The term used to descri...
SG Q1: What features would LUCA be likely to have? Why? CORRECT ANSWER LUCA will have features common to both bacteria and archaea 
-Genetic code 
-ATP utilization 
-Ribosome mediated protein synthesis 
-Cell membrane 
 
How did eukaryotes emerge? CORRECT ANSWER It is proposed that eukaryotes emerge...
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Añadir al carritoSG Q1: What features would LUCA be likely to have? Why? CORRECT ANSWER LUCA will have features common to both bacteria and archaea 
-Genetic code 
-ATP utilization 
-Ribosome mediated protein synthesis 
-Cell membrane 
 
How did eukaryotes emerge? CORRECT ANSWER It is proposed that eukaryotes emerge...
The length of a bacterium such as Escherichia coli is approximately 
 
a. 1 µm = 0.001 mm 
b. 10 µm = 0.01 mm 
c. 100 µm = 0.1 mm CORRECT ANSWER a. 1 µm = 0.001 mm 
 
Lactobacillus spp. are classified in phylum 
 
a. Actinobacteria 
b. Firmicutes 
c. Proteobacteria CORRECT ANSWER b. Firmicutes 
...
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Añadir al carritoThe length of a bacterium such as Escherichia coli is approximately 
 
a. 1 µm = 0.001 mm 
b. 10 µm = 0.01 mm 
c. 100 µm = 0.1 mm CORRECT ANSWER a. 1 µm = 0.001 mm 
 
Lactobacillus spp. are classified in phylum 
 
a. Actinobacteria 
b. Firmicutes 
c. Proteobacteria CORRECT ANSWER b. Firmicutes 
...
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